A Global View to HBV Chronic Infection: Evolving Strategies for Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention in Immunocompetent Individuals

Laura Ambra Nicolini, Andrea Orsi, Paola Tatarelli, Claudio Viscoli, Giancarlo Icardi and Laura Sticchi
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Laura Ambra Nicolini: Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Andrea Orsi: Hygiene Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Paola Tatarelli: UOC Malattie Infettive, Santa Maria delle Croci, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
Claudio Viscoli: Infectious Diseases Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Giancarlo Icardi: Hygiene Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
Laura Sticchi: Hygiene Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 18, 1-17

Abstract: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a significant public health challenge. Around 250 million people live with chronic HBV infection. With a global approach to this issue, we focus on new perspective in diagnosis, management and prevention of HBV chronic infection. Precise diagnosis of HBV status is crucial to guide patient management. Although available drugs reduce the risk of liver disease progression, they are not able to definitely eradicate HBV, and new therapeutic options are urgently needed. Thus, prevention of HBV infection is still the most effective strategy to achieve the control of the disease. Key aspects of prevention programs include surveillance of viral hepatitis, screening programs and immunization strategies. In spite of the high success rate of licensed HBV vaccines, a need for improved vaccine persists, especially in order to provide coverage of current non-responders.

Keywords: HBV chronic infection; HBV diagnosis; HBV prevention; HBV treatment; HBV vaccine (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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