Incidence and Risk Factors of Pre-Eclampsia in the Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Nepal: A Retrospective Study

Seema Das, Rupesh Das, Rashmita Bajracharya, Gehanath Baral, Bina Jabegu, Jon Øyvind Odland and Maria Lisa Odland
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Seema Das: Department of Community Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
Rupesh Das: Department of Medicine, Janaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Janakpur 45700, Nepal
Rashmita Bajracharya: Department of Sociology and Gerontology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
Gehanath Baral: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
Bina Jabegu: Department of Medicine, Janaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Janakpur 45700, Nepal
Jon Øyvind Odland: Department of Community Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
Maria Lisa Odland: Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 19, 1-8

Abstract: This study aims to determine the incidence of pre-eclampsia and distribution of risk factors of pre-eclampsia at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. A retrospective study included 4820 pregnant women from 17 September to 18 December 2017. Data were obtained from the medical records of the hospital’s Statistics Department. Associations between the risk factors and pre-eclampsia were determined using logistic regression analysis and expressed as odds ratios. The incidence rate of pre-eclampsia in the study population was 1.8%. Higher incidence of pre-eclampsia was observed for women older than 35 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR)= 3.27; (Confidence Interval, CI 1.42–7.52) in comparison to mothers aged 20–24 years, primiparous women (AOR = 2.12; CI 1.25–3.60), women with gestational age less than 37 weeks (AOR = 3.68; CI 2.23–6.09), twins pregnancy (AOR = 8.49; CI 2.92–24.72), chronic hypertension (AOR = 13.64; CI 4.45–41.81), urinary tract infection (AOR = 6.89; CI 1.28–36.95) and gestational diabetes (AOR = 11.79; CI 3.20–43.41). Iron and calcium supplementation appear to be protective. Age of the mothers, primiparity, early gestational age, twin pregnancy, chronic hypertension, urinary tract infection and gestational diabetes were the significant risk factors for pre-eclampsia. Iron and calcium supplementation and young aged women were somewhat protective.

Keywords: pre-eclampsia; risk factors; retrospective study; Nepal (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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