Contamination by Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Selected Environments in Thailand

Visanu Thamlikitkul, Surapee Tiengrim, Narisara Thamthaweechok, Preeyanuch Buranapakdee and Wilai Chiemchaisri
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Visanu Thamlikitkul: Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
Surapee Tiengrim: Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
Narisara Thamthaweechok: Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
Preeyanuch Buranapakdee: Bureau of Environmental Health, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
Wilai Chiemchaisri: Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 19, 1-11

Abstract: This study determined the presence of important antibiotic-resistant bacteria in selected environments in Thailand, including wastewater samples from 60 hospitals; washed fluid, leachate, flies, cockroaches, and rats collected from five open markets; washed fluid from garbage trucks; and stabilized leachate from a landfill facility. At least one type of antibiotic-resistant bacteria was isolated from all samples of influent fluid before treatment in hospitals, from wastewater treatment tank content in hospitals, and from 15% of effluent fluid samples after treatment with chlorine prior to draining it into a public water source. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were recovered from 80% of washed market fluid samples, 60% of market leachate samples, all fly samples, 80% of cockroach samples, and all samples of intestinal content of rats collected from the open markets. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were recovered from all samples from the landfill. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and/or Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common antibiotic-resistant bacteria recovered from all types of samples, followed by carbapenem-resistant E. coli and/or K. pneumoniae. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa , carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii , colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci , and methicillin-resistant S. aureus were less common. These findings suggest extensive contamination by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospital and community environment in Thailand.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae; environment; Thailand (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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