The Perception and Intervention of Internship Nursing Students Helping Smokers to Quit: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chongqing, China

Li Zhang, Yanhan Chen, Yalan Lv, Xia Yang, Qianyu Yin, Li Bai, Yaling Luo, Manoj Sharma and Yong Zhao
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Li Zhang: College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Yanhan Chen: College of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Yalan Lv: College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Xia Yang: College of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Qianyu Yin: College of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Li Bai: College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Yaling Luo: College of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
Manoj Sharma: Department of Behavioral & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213, USA
Yong Zhao: School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 20, 1-13

Abstract: Background : Smoking is among the most preventable causes of death globally. Tobacco cessation can lessen the number of potential deaths. The China Tobacco Cessation Guidelines encourage medical staff to perform the 5As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) when delivering tobacco dependence treatments to patients. Nursing students will develop to be nurses in the future and they have to finish 9 months of clinical practicum study in the last year at hospitals or care centers. However, the frequency of behaviors used to help smokers quit among Chinese nursing internship students is unclear. This study analyzed the rate of nurse interns’ performance of the 5As and which demographic characteristics, perceptions of smoking and knowledge predicted higher performance of the 5As. Methods : The cluster sampling method was used to select 13 teaching hospitals among 29. All nursing intern students were expected to finish the questionnaire about their 5As behaviors to help patients quit smoking. Their 5As performances were scored from one to five with 5 being the best and scores were summed. A multivariate linear mixed-effect model was employed to test the differences between their 5As. Results : Participating in the survey were 1358 interns (62.4% response rate). The average scores were as follows—Ask—3.15, Advise—2.75, Assess—2.67, Assist—2.58 and Arrange—2.42. A total of 56.3% students perceived that medical staff should perform the 5As routinely to help patients quit smoking. On the other hand, 52.1% viewed clinical preceptors as role models of the 5As. School education regarding tobacco control, smoking dependence treatment, self-efficacy and positive intentions were predictors of higher performance of the 5As ( p < 0.001). Conclusions : Nursing internship students seldom administered tobacco dependence treatments to patients. It is essential to improve the corresponding education, skills and self-efficacy of the 5As. Meanwhile, clinical preceptors should procure more training in the responsibilities and skills related to tobacco cessation. In this way, clinical preceptors can be role models of the 5As and impart positive influences on interns.

Keywords: tobacco dependence treatment; smoking cessation; interventions; nursing intern student (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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