The Effectiveness of Tobacco Dependence Education in Health Professional Students’ Practice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Kathryn Hyndman, Roger E. Thomas, H. Rainer Schira, Jenifer Bradley, Kathryn Chachula, Steven K. Patterson and Sharon M. Compton
Additional contact information
Kathryn Hyndman: Faculty of Health Studies, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
Roger E. Thomas: School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
H. Rainer Schira: John E. Robbins Library, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
Jenifer Bradley: Department of National Defence, Petawawa, ON K8H 2X3, Canada
Kathryn Chachula: Faculty of Health Studies, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada
Steven K. Patterson: School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
Sharon M. Compton: Dental Hygiene Program, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 21, 1-22

Abstract: The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review to examine the effectiveness of tobacco dependence education versus usual or no tobacco dependence education on entry-level health professional student practice and client smoking cessation. Sixteen published databases, seven grey literature databases/websites, publishers’ websites, books, and pertinent reference lists were searched. Studies from 16 health professional programs yielded 28 RCTs with data on 4343 healthcare students and 3122 patients. Two researchers independently assessed articles and abstracted data about student knowledge, self-efficacy, performance of tobacco cessation interventions, and patient smoking cessation. All forms of tobacco were included. We did not find separate interventions for different kinds of tobacco such as pipes or flavoured tobacco. We computed effect sizes using a random-effects model and applied meta-analytic procedures to 13 RCTs that provided data for meta-analysis. Students’ counseling skills increased significantly following the 5As model (SMD = 1.03; 95% CI 0.07, 1.98; p < 0.00001, I 2 94%; p = 0.04) or motivational interviewing approach (SMD = 0.90, 95% CI 0.59, 1.21; p = 0.68, I 2 0%; p < 0.00001). With tobacco dependence counseling, 78 more patients per 1000 (than control) reported quitting at 6 months (OR 2.02; 95% CI 1.49, 2.74, I 2 = 0%, p = 0.76; p < 0.00001), although the strength of evidence was moderate or low. Student tobacco cessation counseling improved guided by the above models, active learning strategies, and practice with standardized patients.

Keywords: health professional students; smoking cessation; tobacco dependence intervention; education; randomized controlled trials; systematic review (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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