Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in an Elderly Population from Eastern China

Andong Ji, Chunlei Pan, Hongxia Wang, Zhezhen Jin, Joseph H. Lee, Qincheng Wu, Qixiao Jiang and Lianhua Cui
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Andong Ji: School of Public Health, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong Province, China
Chunlei Pan: Health Center of Liuting Street, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266108, Shandong Province, China
Hongxia Wang: Health Center of Liuting Street, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266108, Shandong Province, China
Zhezhen Jin: Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
Joseph H. Lee: Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
Qincheng Wu: School of Public Health, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong Province, China
Qixiao Jiang: School of Public Health, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong Province, China
Lianhua Cui: School of Public Health, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong Province, China

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 22, 1-15

Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global major public health problem. Almost all of previous studies evaluating the prevalence of CKD focused on adults, while studies among the elderly were relatively rare, especially in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of CKD among the elderly in Qingdao, China. This was a cross-sectional study with 38,038 inhabitants (aged 60–109) randomly recruited in Qingdao, China. All participants were required to complete a questionnaire for their demographic characteristics. Blood and urine samples of participants were collected, and the albumin and creatinine levels were measured for albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) assessment. The associations between risk factors and indicators of kidney damage were analyzed by logistic regression. A total of 34,588 inhabitants completed the survey. The overall prevalence of CKD was 11.41% (95% confidence interval (CI): 11.07–11.74%) in the elders from Qingdao in 2016. The prevalence of albuminuria and low eGFR (<60 mL/min per 1·73 m²) were 8.47% (95% CI: 8.17–8.76%) and 3.98% (95% CI: 3.78–4.19%), respectively. Older age, hypertension, diabetes, anemia, hyperuricemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, and LDL-C ≥ 4.1 mmol/L were independently associated with the presence of CKD. In conclusion, common chronic non-communicable diseases, including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, were associated with greater prevalence of CKD.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; elderly; prevalence; epidemiology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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