Analysis of Toxic Metals in Liquid from Electronic Cigarettes

Naudia Gray, Mary Halstead, Nathalie Gonzalez-Jimenez, Liza Valentin-Blasini, Clifford Watson and R. Steven Pappas
Additional contact information
Naudia Gray: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS S110-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
Mary Halstead: Battelle Analytical Services, 2987 Clairmont Road, Suite 450, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
Nathalie Gonzalez-Jimenez: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS S110-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
Liza Valentin-Blasini: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS S110-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
Clifford Watson: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS S110-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
R. Steven Pappas: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy, MS S110-3, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 22, 1-10

Abstract: As the technology of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including e-cigarettes, evolves, assessing metal concentrations in liquids among brands over time becomes challenging. A method for quantification of chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, tin, and lead in ENDS liquids using triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was developed. The method’s limits of detection (LODs) were 0.031, 0.032, 3.15, 1.27, 0.108, 0.099, 0.066 µg/g for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, and Pb respectively. Liquids analyzed were from different brands and flavors of refill bottles or single-use, rechargeable, and pod devices from different years. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy further evaluated the device components’ compositions. Refill liquids before contacting a device were below lowest reportable levels (LRL) for all metals. Copper and zinc were elevated in liquids from devices containing brass. Cadmium was Keywords: metals; inorganic; vaping; e-liquid; electronic cigarettes; ENDS; e-cigarettes; vapes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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