Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine-Induced Antibody Response and Influencing Determinants in Patients ? 55 Years of Age in the 2018/2019 Season

Maria Ganczak, Paulina Dubiel, Marzena Drozd-Dąbrowska, Ewelina Hallmann-Szelińska, Karol Szymański and Lidia B. Brydak
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Maria Ganczak: Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Zielona Góra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
Paulina Dubiel: Department of Epidemiology and Management. Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
Marzena Drozd-Dąbrowska: Department of Epidemiology and Management. Pomeranian Medical University, Zolnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
Ewelina Hallmann-Szelińska: Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
Karol Szymański: Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
Lidia B. Brydak: Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 22, 1-15

Abstract: The effects of immunization with subunit inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) are not generally well assessed in the elderly Polish population. Therefore, this study evaluated vaccine-induced antibody response and its determinants. Methods: Consecutive patients ≥ 55 years old, attending a Primary Care Clinic in Gryfino, Poland, received QIV (A/Michigan/ 45/2015(H1N1)pdm09, A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016 (H3N2), B/Colorado/06/2017, B/Phuket/ 3073/2013) between October-December 2018. Hemagglutination inhibition assays measured antibody response to vaccine strains from pre/postvaccination serum samples. Geometric mean titer ratio (GMTR), protection rate (PR) and seroconversion rate (SR) were also calculated. Results: For 108 patients (54.6% males, mean age: 66.7 years) the highest GMTR (61.5-fold) was observed for A/H3N2/, then B/Colorado/06/2017 (10.3-fold), A/H1N1/pdm09 (8.4-fold) and B/Phuket/ 3073/2013 (3.0-fold). Most patients had post-vaccination protection for A/H3N2/ and B/Phuket/3073/ 2013 (64.8% and 70.4%, respectively); lower PRs were observed for A/H1N1/pdm09 (41.8%) and B/Colorado/06/ 2017 (57.4%). The SRs for A/H3N2/, A/H1N1/pdm09, B Victoria and B Yamagata were 64.8%, 38.0%, 46.8%, and 48.2%, respectively. Patients who received QIV vaccination in the previous season presented lower ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.03, respectively) response to B Victoria and B Yamagata. Conclusions: QIV was immunogenic against the additional B lineage strain (B Victoria) without significantly compromising the immunogenicity of the other three vaccine strains, therefore, adding a second B lineage strain in QIV could broaden protection against influenza B infection in this age group. As the QIV immunogenicity differed regarding the four antigens, formulation adjustments to increase the antigen concentration of the serotypes that have lower immunogenicity could increase effectiveness. Prior season vaccination was associated with lower antibody response to a new vaccine, although not consistent through the vaccine strains.

Keywords: influenza; vaccination; quadrivalent influenza vaccine; QIV; immunogenicity; elderly (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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