Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Prevention of Respiratory Tract Infections among Hajj and Umrah Pilgrims from Malaysia in 2018

Mohammed Dauda Goni, Habsah Hasan, Nyi Nyi Naing, Nadiah Wan-Arfah, Zakuan Zeiny Deris, Wan Nor Arifin and Aisha Abubakar Baaba
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Mohammed Dauda Goni: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
Habsah Hasan: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
Nyi Nyi Naing: Faculty of Medicine, Medical Campus Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Malaysia
Nadiah Wan-Arfah: Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Malaysia
Zakuan Zeiny Deris: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
Wan Nor Arifin: Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
Aisha Abubakar Baaba: Centre for Language Studies and Generic Development, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Locked Bag 01, Bachok 16300, Kelantan

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 22, 1-11

Abstract: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is a major public health challenge during the Muslim pilgrimage to Makkah. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Malaysian Hajj and Umrah pilgrims towards the prevention of RTIs in 2018 and determine correlations among three domains. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 225 Umrah and Hajj pilgrims. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards RTI prevention was assessed by using a validated self-administered questionnaire among pilgrims attending a weekly orientation course organized by private Hajj/Umrah companies. Out of 225 participants, 65.9% of respondents were female with the mean (SD) age of 46.74 (13.38) years. The interquartile range (IQR) score for knowledge is 18.0 (6.0), the mean scores of attitude and practice are 32.65 (4.72) and 25.30 (4.9). respectively. Significant and negative linear correlations between knowledge and practice ( r = −0.232, p < 0.001), and attitude and practice ( r = 0.134, p = 0.045) were observed. Results from the current study showed good knowledge of RTIs among Malaysian pilgrims. However, a poor attitude was reflected in their preventive practice behaviors. This will further help in the prevention and management of RTIs during Hajj and Umrah. Therefore, an extensive educational health campaign should be provided to pilgrims to create awareness.

Keywords: knowledge; attitude; practice; respiratory tract infections; pilgrims; Malaysia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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