Rapid Biodegradation of the Organophosphorus Insecticide Chlorpyrifos by Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 T

Taozhong Shi, Liancheng Fang, Han Qin, Yifei Chen, Xiangwei Wu and Rimao Hua
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Taozhong Shi: Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
Liancheng Fang: Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
Han Qin: Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
Yifei Chen: Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
Xiangwei Wu: Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
Rimao Hua: Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 23, 1-15

Abstract: Chlorpyrifos was one of the most widely used organophosphorus insecticides and the neurotoxicity and genotoxicity of chlorpyrifos to mammals, aquatic organisms and other non-target organisms have caused much public concern. Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 T , a type of strain of the genus Cupriavidus , is capable of efficiently degrading 200 mg/L of chlorpyrifos within 48 h. This is ~100 fold faster than Enterobacter B-14, a well-studied chlorpyrifos-degrading bacterial strain. Strain X1 T can tolerate high concentrations (500 mg/L) of chlorpyrifos over a wide range of temperatures (30–42 °C) and pH values (5–9). RT-qPCR analysis showed that the organophosphorus hydrolase (OpdB) in strain X1 T was an inducible enzyme, and the crude enzyme isolated in vitro could still maintain 75% degradation activity. Strain X1 T can simultaneously degrade chlorpyrifos and its main hydrolysate 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol. TCP could be further metabolized through stepwise oxidative dechlorination and further opening of the benzene ring to be completely degraded by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. The results provide a potential means for the remediation of chlorpyrifos- contaminated soil and water.

Keywords: biodegradation; chlorpyrifos; Cupriavidus nantongensis X1 T; OpdB (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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