Associations of Waist Circumference, Socioeconomic, Environmental, and Behavioral Factors with Chronic Kidney Disease in Normal Weight, Overweight, and Obese People

Tuyen Van Duong, Pei-Yu Wu, Evelyn Yang, Yuh-Feng Lin, Hung-Yi Chiou and Shwu-Huey Yang
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Tuyen Van Duong: School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Pei-Yu Wu: School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Evelyn Yang: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
Yuh-Feng Lin: International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Hung-Yi Chiou: School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Shwu-Huey Yang: School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 24, 1-18

Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) places a heavy burden on the healthcare system worldwide. The risk factors may vary by body adiposity. We aimed to investigate the associations of socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors with CKD in different groups of body mass indexes (BMI). Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 3280 participants (1048 CKD and 2232 non-CKD) from seven hospitals and nearby communities from May 2012 to August 2015. Personal characteristics, anthropometrics, environmental exposures, and health−related behaviors were assessed using a structured questionnaire. The logistic regression models were utilized for analysis. Results: Older age (odd ratio, OR = 2.85; p < 0.001), being men (OR = 4.23; p < 0.001), smoking (OR = 3.36; p < 0.001), stable income (OR = 0.33; p < 0.001), higher education (OR = 0.37~0.38; p < 0.001), and daily adequate water intake (OR = 0.64; p = 0.010) were associated with CKD in normal weight people. Older age (OR = 2.49; p < 0.001), being men (OR = 3.36; p < 0.001), education (OR = 0.44, p = 0.004), hypertension (OR = 2.93; p <0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.83; p = 0.004), and using traditional Chinese medicine (OR = 2.03, p = 0.014) were associated with CKD in overweight people. Older age (OR = 2.71; p < 0.001), being men (OR = 2.69; p < 0.001), hypertension (OR = 2.93; p < 0.001), diabetes (OR = 1.94; p = 0.001) were associated with CKD in obese people. Conclusions: The associated factors of CKD varied by different groups of BMI. These findings may help to develop potential interventions to manage CKD.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; overweight and obesity; case-control; hypertension; diabetes; socioeconomic; exposing to animal; smoking; plain water; Taiwan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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