Risk Factors Associated with Dengue Virus Infection in Guangdong Province: A Community-Based Case-Control Study

Jundi Liu, Xiaolu Tian, Yu Deng, Zhicheng Du, Tianzhu Liang, Yuantao Hao and Dingmei Zhang
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Jundi Liu: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Xiaolu Tian: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Yu Deng: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Zhicheng Du: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Tianzhu Liang: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Yuantao Hao: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Dingmei Zhang: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-12

Abstract: Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that is now an epidemic in China, Guangdong Province, in particular and presents high incidence rates of DF. Effective preventive measures are critical for controlling DF in China given the absence of a licensed vaccination program in the country. This study aimed to explore the individual risk factors for the dengue virus infection in Guangdong Province and to provide a scientific basis for the future prevention and control of DF. A case-control study including 237 cases and 237 controls was performed. Cases were defined for samples who were IgG-antibody positive or IgM-antibody positive, and willing to participate in the questionnaire survey. Additionally, the controls were selected through frequency matching by age, gender and community information from individuals who tested negative for IgG and IgM and volunteered to become part of the samples. Data were collected from epidemiological questionnaires. Univariate analysis was performed for the preliminary screening of 28 variables that were potentially related to dengue virus infection, and multivariate analysis was performed through unconditioned logistic regression analysis to analyze statistically significant variables. Multivariate analysis revealed two independent risk factors: Participation in outdoor sports (odds ratio (OR) = 1.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17 to 2.78), and poor indoor daylight quality (OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.03 to 5.03). Two protective factors were identified through multivariate analysis: 2 occupants per room (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.65) or ≥3 occupants per room (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.89) and air-conditioner use (OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.97). The results of this study were conducive for investigating the risk factors for dengue virus infection in Guangdong Province. Effective and efficient strategies for improving environmental protection and anti-mosquito measures must be provided. In addition, additional systematic studies are needed to explore other potential risk factors for DF.

Keywords: dengue fever; Aedes albopictus; living environment; logistic regression analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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