Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, Environmental and Pregnancy-Related Determinants of Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy

Ewelina Wesołowska, Agnieszka Jankowska, Elżbieta Trafalska, Paweł Kałużny, Mariusz Grzesiak, Jolanta Dominowska, Wojciech Hanke, Gemma Calamandrei and Kinga Polańska
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Ewelina Wesołowska: Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
Agnieszka Jankowska: Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
Elżbieta Trafalska: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
Paweł Kałużny: Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
Mariusz Grzesiak: Obstetrics, Perinatology and Gynecology Department, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
Jolanta Dominowska: Department of Teaching Midwifery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
Wojciech Hanke: Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
Gemma Calamandrei: Centre for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, I-00161 Rome, Italy
Kinga Polańska: Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-15

Abstract: Background: Characterization of dietary patterns represents a valid and meaningful measure of overall diet quality and nutrient intake. The study aims at evaluating the sociodemographic, lifestyle, environmental, and pregnancy-related determinants of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy. Methods: The analysis was conducted on a group of pregnant women from the Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL). During the second trimester of pregnancy, 1306 women filled in a modified version of the validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Dietary patterns were estimated using an exploratory factor analysis. Potential dietary determinants were assessed via a questionnaire or biomarker measurements (saliva cotinine level). Results : Two dietary patterns were identified. The Prudent dietary pattern was characterized by high consumption of fruit, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, poultry, and low-fat dairy products, while the Western dietary pattern included high intake of refined grains, processed meat, potatoes, and very low intake of whole grains. Clear sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, and pregnancy-related determinants of diet quality were established. Older age (? = 0.2; p < 0.01), higher educational level (? = 0.3; p < 0.01), and socioeconomic status (SES) (? = 0.2; p < 0.01), overweight/obesity before (? = 0.3; p < 0.01), as well as physical activity during pregnancy (? = 0.2; p = 0.01) were positive determinants of a healthier diet (increasing Prudent–Western difference in dietary pattern scores). On the other hand, parity (? = ?0.2; p = 0.04) and living in small cities (? = ?0.3; p = 0.02) were significantly related to a rather Western dietary pattern. Conclusions: The current study presents evidence on specific factors influencing dietary patterns. They need to be accounted for in educational programs and interventions focused on healthy diet recommendations during pregnancy.

Keywords: dietary patterns; pregnancy; sociodemographic; lifestyle; environmental; pregnancy-related factors; exploratory factor analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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