Early Lifestyle Interventions in People with Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Northern Colombia: The DEMOJUAN Project

Noël C. Barengo, Tania Acosta, Astrid Arrieta, Carlos Ricaurte, Dins Smits, Karen Florez and Jaakko O. Tuomilehto
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Noël C. Barengo: Department of Medical and Population Health Research, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33178, USA
Tania Acosta: Department of Public Health, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
Astrid Arrieta: Centro de Investigation Sanitaria, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
Carlos Ricaurte: Centro de Investigation Sanitaria, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
Dins Smits: Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
Karen Florez: Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
Jaakko O. Tuomilehto: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 8, 1-13

Abstract: Background: The objective of the demonstration project for type 2 diabetes prevention in the Barranquilla and Juan Mina (DEMOJUAN) study was to investigate the extent to which it is possible to reach normal glucose metabolism with early lifestyle interventions in people at high risk of type 2 diabetes (prediabetes), compared with those who receive standard usual care. Methods: DEMOJUAN was a randomized controlled trial conducted in Juan Mina and Barranquilla, Northern Colombia. Eligible participants were randomized into one of three groups (control group, initial nutritional intervention, and initial physical activity intervention). The duration of the intervention was 24 months. The main study outcome in the present analysis was reversion to normoglycemia. Relative risks and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for reversal to normoglycemia and T2D incidence. Results: There was no statistically significant association between the intervention groups and reversion to normoglycemia. The relative risk of reversion to normoglycemia was 0.88 (95% CI 0.70–1.12) for the initial nutritional intervention group participants and 0.95 (95% CI 0.75–1.20) for the initial physical activity intervention group participants. Conclusions: Our study did not find any statistically significant differences in reversion to normoglycemia or the development of type 2 diabetes between the intervention groups and the control group in this population.

Keywords: glucose metabolism disorders; primary prevention; South America; population; field trial (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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