Association of ACTN3 Polymorphism with Body Somatotype and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Young Healthy Adults

Natalia Potocka, Beata Penar-Zadarko, Marzena Skrzypa, Marcin Braun, Maria Zadarko-Domaradzka, Mariusz Ozimek, Edyta Nizioł-Babiarz, Zbigniew Barabasz, Izabela Zawlik and Emilian Zadarko
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Natalia Potocka: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Beata Penar-Zadarko: Institute of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Marzena Skrzypa: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Marcin Braun: Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
Maria Zadarko-Domaradzka: Department of Human Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Mariusz Ozimek: Institute of Sport-National Research Institute, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
Edyta Nizioł-Babiarz: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Zbigniew Barabasz: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Izabela Zawlik: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Emilian Zadarko: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 9, 1-12

Abstract: ACTN3 encodes the protein α-actinin-3, which affects the muscle phenotype. In the present study, we examined the association of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism with body somatotype and cardiorespiratory fitness in young, healthy adults. The study group included 304 young adults, in whom cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated and the maximum oxygen uptake was determined directly. The somatotype components were calculated according to the Heath-Carter method. Genotyping for the ACTN3 gene was performed using a polymerase chain reaction followed by high-resolution melting analysis. In the female group, a lower maximal heart rate (HRmax) was more strongly associated with the RR genotype ( p = 0.0216) than with the RX and XX genotypes. In the male group, the ACTN3 RX genotype, as compared with other genotypes, tended to be associated with a lower percentage of adipose tissue ( p = 0.0683), as also reflected by the body mass index ( p = 0.0816). ACTN3 gene polymorphism may affect cardiorespiratory fitness. Our analysis of ACTN3 gene polymorphism does not clearly illustrate the relationships among genotype, body composition, and somatotype in young, healthy adults.

Keywords: ACTN3; polymorphism; health-related fitness; HRmax, HRM PCR; sport genetic (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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