Anti- Blastocystis Activity In Vitro of Egyptian Herbal Extracts (Family: Asteraceae) with Emphasis on Artemisia judaica

Amira B. Mokhtar, Shahira A. Ahmed, Enas E. Eltamany and Panagiotis Karanis
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Amira B. Mokhtar: Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 45122, Egypt
Shahira A. Ahmed: Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 45122, Egypt
Enas E. Eltamany: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 45122, Egypt
Panagiotis Karanis: University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, 50937 Cologne, Germany

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 9, 1-14

Abstract: Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch. Bip. (known as Qaysoom), Echinops spinosus L. (known as Shoak Elgamal) and Artemisia judaica L. (known Shih Baladi) are members of the Asteraceae family known for their traditional medical use in Egypt. The ethanol extracts of these plants were evaluated for their efficacy against a protozoan parasite ( Blastocystis ). Two different molecular subtypes of Blastocystis were used (ST1 and ST3). Significant growth inhibition of Blastocystis was observed when exposed to both A. judaica (99.3%) and A. fragrantissima (95.6%) with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC 90 ) at 2000 µg/mL. Under the effect of the extracts, changes in Blastocystis morphology were noted, with the complete destruction of Blastocystis forms after 72 h with the dose of 4000 µg/mL. Different subtypes displayed different responses to the herbal extracts tested. ST1 exhibited significantly different responses to the herbal extracts compared to ST3. A. judaica was selected as the herb of choice considering all of its variables and because of its effective action against Blastocystis . It was then exposed to further fractionation and observation of its effect on ST1 and ST3. Solvent portioned fractions (dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-hexane) in A. judaica were found to be the potent active fractions against both of the Blastocystis subtypes used.

Keywords: Blastocystis; Asteraceae; Artemisia judaica; fractionation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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