Sickle Cell Anaemia Prevalence among Newborns in the Brazilian Amazon-Savanna Transition Region

Rayane Cristina Souza, Pedro Agnel Dias Miranda Neto, Jessflan Rafael Nascimento Santos, Sílvio Gomes Monteiro, Maria Cláudia Gonçalves, Fabrício Brito Silva, Rodrigo Assuncao Holanda and Julliana Ribeiro Alves Santos
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Rayane Cristina Souza: Biomédica and Mestranda em Meio Ambiente da Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil
Pedro Agnel Dias Miranda Neto: Faculdade Pitágoras, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil
Jessflan Rafael Nascimento Santos: Laboratório de Geotecnologias, Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil
Sílvio Gomes Monteiro: Mestrado em Meio Ambiente da Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil
Maria Cláudia Gonçalves: Mestrado em Meio Ambiente da Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil
Fabrício Brito Silva: Mestrado em Meio Ambiente da Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil
Rodrigo Assuncao Holanda: Mestrado em Biologia Microbiana da Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil
Julliana Ribeiro Alves Santos: Mestrado em Meio Ambiente e Mestrado em Biologia Microbiana da Universidade CEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, MA, Brazil

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 9, 1-8

Abstract: Sickle cell anaemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies worldwide and an important public health problem in Brazil. This study evaluated the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia and its traits in newborns from the Amazon-Savanna Transition Region in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out, based on data from neonatal screening tests performed in 2013–2015 in Maranhão. The Hardy-Weinberg theorem was applied to analyse the frequency of expected homozygotes based on HbSS phenotype. A spatial-temporal distribution analysis was performed to delimit the regions with the greatest number of newborn cases with sickle cell anaemia. Of 283,003 newborns, 162 were found to have sickle cell anaemia, while 10,794 had a sickle cell trait, with a prevalence of 0.05% and 3.8%, respectively. The prevalence of expected homozygotes was higher in the North Region and in the state capital of Maranhão. This study may contribute to existing social and public health actions or the creation of new strategies for sickle cell disease in endemic areas in Brazil to improve the quality of life.

Keywords: sickle cell anaemia; spatio-temporal distribution; epidemiology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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