Tuberculosis-Related Hospitalizations in a Low-Incidence Country: A Retrospective Analysis in Two Italian Infectious Diseases Wards

Laura Campogiani, Mirko Compagno, Luigi Coppola, Vincenzo Malagnino, Gaetano Maffongelli, Lavinia Maria Saraca, Daniela Francisci, Franco Baldelli, Carla Fontana, Sandro Grelli, Massimo Andreoni, Giovanni Sotgiu, Laura Saderi and Loredana Sarmati
Additional contact information
Laura Campogiani: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Mirko Compagno: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Luigi Coppola: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Vincenzo Malagnino: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Gaetano Maffongelli: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
Lavinia Maria Saraca: Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Daniela Francisci: Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Franco Baldelli: Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Carla Fontana: Laboratory of Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
Sandro Grelli: Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Massimo Andreoni: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
Giovanni Sotgiu: Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Laura Saderi: Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Loredana Sarmati: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of System Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 17, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: In recent years, a decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has been recorded worldwide. However, an increase in TB cases has been reported in foreign people living in low-incidence countries, with an increase in extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) in the western region of the world. In the present work, a retrospective study was conducted in two Italian infectious diseases wards to evaluate the clinical characteristics of TB admission in the time period 2013–2017. A significant increase in TB was shown in the study period: 166 (71% males) patients with TB were enrolled, with ~70% coming from outside Italy (30% from Africa, 25% from Europe, and 13% from Asia and South America). Compared to foreign people, Italians were significantly older (71.5 (interquartile range, IQR: 44.5–80.0) vs. 30 (IQR: 24–40) years; p < 0.0001) more immunocompromised (48% vs. 17%; p < 0.0001), and affected by comorbidities (44% vs. 14%; p < 0.0001). EPTB represented 37% of all forms of the disease, and it was more incident in subjects coming from Africa than in those coming from Europe (39.3% vs. 20%, respectively). In logistic regression analysis, being European was protective (odd ratio, OR (95% CI): 0.2 (0.1–0.6); p = 0.004) against the development of EPTB forms. In conclusion, an increase in the rate of TB diagnosis was documented in two Italian reference centers in the period 2013–2017, with 39% of EPTB diagnosed in patients from outside Europe.

Keywords: tuberculosis; pulmonary tuberculosis; extrapulmonary tuberculosis; foreign people (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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