Sex Differences in Becoming a Current Electronic Cigarette User, Current Smoker and Current Dual User of Both Products: A Longitudinal Study among Mexican Adolescents

Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños, Edna Arillo-Santillán, Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Luis Zavala-Arciniega, Charity A. Ntansah and James F. Thrasher
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Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños: Population Health Research Center, Mexican National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico
Edna Arillo-Santillán: Population Health Research Center, Mexican National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico
Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez: Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, Mexican National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico
Luis Zavala-Arciniega: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Charity A. Ntansah: Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
James F. Thrasher: Population Health Research Center, Mexican National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 17, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: This study aimed to assess sex differences in predictors for becoming a current exclusive electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) user, current exclusive smoker, or current dual user (concurrent smoking and e-cigarette use). This longitudinal study included 2399 females and 2177 males who had tried neither cigarettes nor e-cigarettes at baseline and attended 57 middle schools in the three largest cities in Mexico. We estimated multinomial logistic models stratified by sex. At follow-up, the prevalence of current exclusive e-cigarette use was 6.4% for males and 5.5% for females; current exclusive smoking was similar among males (3.6%) and females (3.5%); dual use was 2.4% females and 1.8% males. In the adjusted model, current e-cigarette use among females was associated with baseline current drinking (ARR = 1.85; p < 0.05), having a job (ARR = 1.99; p < 0.05), higher technophilia (ARR = 1.27; p < 0.05), and higher positive smoking expectancies (ARR = 1.39; p < 0.05). Among males, only having friends who smoke cigarettes at baseline was a significant predictor of current exclusive e-cigarette use at follow-up (ARR = 1.44; p < 0.05). For both sexes, current exclusive smoking at follow-up was associated with baseline current drinking (male ARR = 2.56; p < 0.05; female ARR = 2.31; p < 0.05) and, among males, only with having a parent who smoked (ARR = 1.64; p < 0.05). For both sexes, dual use at follow-up was associated with baseline current drinking (male ARR = 3.52; p < 0.005; female ARR = 2.77; p < 0.05); among females, with having paid work (ARR = 2.50; p < 0.001); and among males, with parental smoking (ARR = 3.20; p < 0.05). Results suggested both common and different risk factors by sex, suggesting that interventions may need to consider targeting sex differences.

Keywords: electronic cigarettes; cigarette smoking; Mexico; adolescents; sex difference (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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