Efficient Removal of Diclofenac from Aqueous Solution by Potassium Ferrate-Activated Porous Graphitic Biochar: Ambient Condition Influences and Adsorption Mechanism

Nguyen Thi Minh Tam, Yunguo Liu, Hassan Bashir, Zhihong Yin, Yuan He and Xudong Zhou
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Nguyen Thi Minh Tam: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Yunguo Liu: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Hassan Bashir: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Zhihong Yin: School of Resource & Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Yuan He: Center of Changsha Public Engineering Construction, Changsha 410013, China
Xudong Zhou: Center of Changsha Public Engineering Construction, Changsha 410013, China

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 17, issue 1, 1-22

Abstract: Porous graphitic biochar was synthesized by one-step treatment biomass using potassium ferrate (K 2 FeO 4 ) as activator for both carbonization and graphitization processes. The modified biochar (Fe@BC) was applied for the removal of diclofenac sodium (DCF) in an aqueous solution. The as-prepared material possesses a well-developed micro/mesoporous and graphitic structure, which can strengthen its adsorption capacity towards DCF. The experimental results indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity (q max ) of Fe@BC for DCF obtained from Langmuir isotherm simulation was 123.45 mg·L −1 and it was a remarkable value of DCF adsorption in comparison with that of other biomass-based adsorbents previously reported. Thermodynamic quality and effect of ionic strength studies demonstrated that the adsorption was a endothermic process, and higher environmental temperatures may be more favorable for the uptake of DCF onto Fe@BC surface; however, the presence of NaCl in the solution slightly obstructed DCF adsorption. Adsorption capacity was found to be decreased with the increase of solution pH. Additionally, the possible mechanism of the DCF adsorption process on Fe@BC may involve chemical adsorption with the presence of H-bonding and π–π interaction. With high adsorption capacity and reusability, Fe@BC was found to be a promising absorbent for DCF removal from water as well as for water purification applications.

Keywords: porous graphitic biochar; diclofenac sodium; potassium ferrate; water purification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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