Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Oil Palm Puree in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Zaida Zainal, Augustine Ong, Choo Yuen May, Sui Kiat Chang, Afiqah Abdul Rahim and Huzwah Khaza’ai
Additional contact information
Zaida Zainal: Nutrition Unit, Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor 43000, Malaysia
Augustine Ong: MOSTA, C3A-10, 4th Floor, Damansara Intan, No. 1, Jalan SS20/27, Selangor 47400, Malaysia
Choo Yuen May: MOSTA, C3A-10, 4th Floor, Damansara Intan, No. 1, Jalan SS20/27, Selangor 47400, Malaysia
Sui Kiat Chang: Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
Afiqah Abdul Rahim: Nutrition Unit, Product Development and Advisory Services Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor 43000, Malaysia
Huzwah Khaza’ai: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 10, 1-18

Abstract: Palm puree is rich in antioxidants and is produced via blending various proportions of mesocarp fibre and crude palm oil. The aim of this study was to assess the acute and subchronic toxicity of palm puree in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats. For the acute toxicity study, animals administered single palm-puree doses (2000 mg kg −1 ) by gavage were observed daily for 14 d. For the subchronic toxicity study, the rats were administered 500, 1000, or 2000 mg kg −1 palm puree daily for 28 d. We evaluated body and organ weights; performed haematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses of blood and organ samples during and after treatment; and calculated the oral no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL). The toxicity studies showed no signs of toxicity or mortality. The haematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses and body and organ weights indicated no evidence of substantial toxicity at any dose of palm puree. The oral lethal dose and NOAEL for the palm puree were greater than 2000 mg kg −1 d −1 over 28 d. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to confirm the safety of palm puree as a novel functional food. These encouraging results warrant further studies to elucidate its potential for pharmaceutical formulations.

Keywords: palm puree; acute toxicity; subchronic toxicity; no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL); histopathology; lethal dose 50 (LD 50 ) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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