Influence of Body Dissatisfaction on the Self-Esteem of Brazilian Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Francisco Nataniel Macêdo Uchôa, Natalia Macêdo Uchôa, Thiago Medeiros da Costa Daniele, Romário Pinheiro Lustosa, Paulo Roberto de Castro Nogueira, Victor Machado Reis, Joaquim Huaina Cintra Andrade, Naira Figueiredo Deana, Ágata Marques Aranha and Nilton Alves
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Francisco Nataniel Macêdo Uchôa: Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Natalia Macêdo Uchôa: Centro Universitário da Grande Fortaleza (UNIGRANDE), Fortaleza 60525-571, Brazil
Thiago Medeiros da Costa Daniele: Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza 60811-905, Brazil
Romário Pinheiro Lustosa: Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Cerá, Brazil
Paulo Roberto de Castro Nogueira: Centro Universitário da Grande Fortaleza (UNIGRANDE), Fortaleza 60525-571, Brazil
Victor Machado Reis: Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences & Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Joaquim Huaina Cintra Andrade: Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza 60714-903, Cerá, Brazil
Naira Figueiredo Deana: Center for Research in Epidemiology, Economics and Oral Public Health (CIEESPO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
Ágata Marques Aranha: Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Nilton Alves: Applied Morphology Research Center (CIMA), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 10, 1-10

Abstract: Background: The present study investigated the influence of body dissatisfaction (BD) on the self-esteem of Brazilian adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1011 students at public and private schools in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. The body shape questionnaire and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale were applied. Chi-square test, Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation, the odds ratio and binary logistic regression were used. Results: The rate of low self-esteem was 33.8% in the adolescents; 27.8% of the adolescents presented some degree of BD, with severe BD in 5.8%. A significant low negative correlation was found between self-esteem and BD in all the adolescents. In the Odds Ratio analysis, it was observed that the odds of having low self-esteem increased in adolescents with BD as compared to adolescents without BD, being 3.85 times higher in females (CI 95%, 2.12–6.99), 2.83 times higher in males (CI 95%, 1.22–6.58), 5.79 times higher in adolescents attending public schools (CI 95% 2.06–16.26), and 2.96 times higher in adolescents attending private schools (CI 95%, 1.79–4.88). Conclusions: Low self-esteem affected one-third of the adolescents, both male and female. BD and education in public schools are predictor variables of low self-esteem in adolescents.

Keywords: body dissatisfaction; self-esteem; adolescents (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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