The Effects of Social, Personal, and Behavioral Risk Factors and PM 2.5 on Cardio-Metabolic Disparities in a Cohort of Community Health Center Patients

Paul D. Juarez, Mohammad Tabatabai, Robert Burciaga Valdez, Darryl B. Hood, Wansoo Im, Charles Mouton, Cynthia Colen, Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan, Patricia Matthews-Juarez, Maureen Y. Lichtveld, Daniel Sarpong, Aramandla Ramesh, Michael A. Langston, Gary L. Rogers, Charles A. Phillips, John F. Reichard, Macarius M. Donneyong and William Blot
Additional contact information
Paul D. Juarez: Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
Mohammad Tabatabai: School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
Robert Burciaga Valdez: RWJF Professor, Department of Family & Community Medicine AND Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
Darryl B. Hood: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Wansoo Im: Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
Charles Mouton: Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
Cynthia Colen: Department of Sociology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan: Universities Space Research Association, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA
Patricia Matthews-Juarez: Department of Family and Community Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
Maureen Y. Lichtveld: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
Daniel Sarpong: Department of Biostatistics, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207, USA
Aramandla Ramesh: Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
Michael A. Langston: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Gary L. Rogers: National Institute for Computational Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Charles A. Phillips: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
John F. Reichard: Department of Environmental Health, Risk Science Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
Macarius M. Donneyong: Division of Outcomes and Translational Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
William Blot: Center for Population-based Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 10, 1-19

Abstract: (1) Background: Cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD), including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes, have numerous common individual and environmental risk factors. Yet, few studies to date have considered how these multiple risk factors together affect CMD disparities between Blacks and Whites. (2) Methods: We linked daily fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) measures with survey responses of participants in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). Generalized linear mixed modeling (GLMM) was used to estimate the relationship between CMD risk and social-demographic characteristics, behavioral and personal risk factors, and exposure levels of PM 2.5 . (3) Results: The study resulted in four key findings: (1) PM 2.5 concentration level was significantly associated with reported CMD, with risk rising by 2.6% for each µg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 ; (2) race did not predict CMD risk when clinical, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors were accounted for; (3) a significant variation of CMD risk was found among participants across states; and (4) multiple personal, clinical, and social-demographic and environmental risk factors played a role in predicting CMD occurrence. (4) Conclusions: Disparities in CMD risk among low social status populations reflect the complex interactions of exposures and cumulative risks for CMD contributed by different personal and environmental factors from natural, built, and social environments.

Keywords: cardio-metabolic disease; PM 2.5; cardiovascular disease; diabetes; stroke; personal; clinical and environmental risk factors; health disparities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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