Osteoporosis in Polish Older Women: Risk Factors and Osteoporotic Fractures: A Cross–Sectional Study

Agnieszka Nawrat-Szołtysik, Zuzanna Miodońska, Ryszard Zarzeczny, Izabela Zając-Gawlak, Józef Opara, Alicja Grzesińska, Beata Matyja and Anna Polak
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Agnieszka Nawrat-Szołtysik: Department of Physiotherapy in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
Zuzanna Miodońska: Department of Informatics and Medical Devices, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Ryszard Zarzeczny: Department of Physiology and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
Izabela Zając-Gawlak: Department of Theory and Methodology of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
Józef Opara: Department of Physiotherapy in Movement System and Development Age Diseases, Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
Alicja Grzesińska: Rehabilitation Clinic Technomex, 44-141 Gliwice, Poland
Beata Matyja: Center Saint Elizabeth, 41-700 Ruda Śląska, Poland
Anna Polak: Department of Physiotherapy in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Physiotherapy, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 10, 1-9

Abstract: Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease. It is still not known which of the risk factors have the greatest impact on osteoporosis development. The study aimed to determine how the selected osteoporosis risk factors contribute to the development of the disease and to assess the risk of osteoporotic fractures in older women. Methods: A cohort of 99 older females was divided into two groups (with and without osteoporosis). The risk of osteoporosis was determined using assessment forms and bone densitometry data subjected to logistic regression. The risk of osteoporotic fractures was assessed by the FRAX tool (FRAX, Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, UK). Results: The logistic regression analysis showed that the highest risk of developing osteoporosis associated with lifestyle, mainly cigarette smoking (odds ratio: OR = 2.12), past gynecological operations (OR = 1.46), corticosteroid therapies (OR = 1.38). More than half of participants were at a medium risk of femoral neck fractures (over 90% in the osteoporotic group). Conclusion: Most of the Polish women living in care facilities are at medium risk of low-energy fractures. Smoking appeared to have the strongest effect on osteoporosis among analyzed risk factors. The results may contribute to the creation of more appropriate prevention strategies.

Keywords: osteoporosis; risk factors; osteoporotic fractures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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