Incidence of Anorexia Nervosa in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Leticia Martínez-González, Tania Fernández-Villa, Antonio José Molina, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez and Vicente Martín
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Leticia Martínez-González: The Research Group in Gen-Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
Tania Fernández-Villa: The Research Group in Gen-Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
Antonio José Molina: The Research Group in Gen-Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez: Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Jaén, 23009 Jaén, Spain
Vicente Martín: The Research Group in Gen-Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-15

Abstract: Background : Anorexia nervosa (AN) among the general population is a rare but often fatal illness. Objective: To summarize the incidence of AN using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods : Four online databases (PubMed, Scopus, WoS and Embase) were consulted. The review was conducted according to with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was limited to women. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results : A total of 31 articles were included in the study. The incidence rate of AN ranged from 0.5 to 318.0 cases per 100,000 women–years. The incidence in studies based on outpatient healthcare services (OHS) was higher than those based on hospital admissions (HA) (8.8 95% CI: 7.83–9.80 vs. 5.0 95% CI: 4.87–5.05). In young women, the incidence in OHS was higher than HA (63.7, 95% CI 61.21–66.12 vs. 8.1 95% CI 7.60–8.53). The linear trend in the incidence of AN was increasing in all ages of women and young women, both in studies with hospital admission records, and in those based on outpatient healthcare services. Conclusion : The incidence of AN depends on the methodology, the type of population and the diagnostic criteria used.

Keywords: incidence; anorexia nervosa; women; epidemiology (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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