Comparisons between Manual Lymph Drainage, Abdominal Massage, and Electrical Stimulation on Functional Constipation Outcomes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Jacqueline S. Drouin, Lucinda Pfalzer, Jung Myo Shim and Seong Jung Kim
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Jacqueline S. Drouin: School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, 433 Meadow Brook Road, Rochester, MI 48309-4451, USA
Lucinda Pfalzer: Physical Therapy Department, University of Michigan-Flint, 2157 WSW Bldg., Flint, MI 48502-195, USA
Jung Myo Shim: Department of Skin and Health Care, Suseong University, 15 Dalgubeol-daero 528-gil, Suseong-gu, Daegu 13557, Korea
Seong Jung Kim: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Science, Kangwon National University, 346, Hwangjo-gil, Dogye-eup, Samcheok-si, Gangwon-do 24341, Korea

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-14

Abstract: Background: Evidence supports abdominal massage (AM) or electrical stimulation (ES) as effective in treating functional constipation (FC). Manual lymph drainage (MLD) may also be beneficial, however, it was not previously investigated or compared to ES and AM. Methods: Sixteen college-aged males and 36 females were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to MLD, AM or ES. Heart rate variability (HRV) measures for total power (TP), high frequency (HF), low frequency and LF/HF ratio assessed ANS outcomes. state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and stress response inventory (SRI) assessed psychological factors and bowel movement frequency (BMF) and duration (BMD) were recorded daily. Results: MLD significantly improved all ANS measures ( p ≤ 0.01 ); AM significantly improved LF, HF and LF/HF ratios (p = 0.04); and ES significantly improved LF (p = 0.1). STAI measures improved, but not significantly in all groups. SRI improved significantly from MLD (p < 0.01), AM (p = 0.04) and ES (p < 0.01), but changes were not significant between groups. BMD improved significantly in all groups ( p ≤ 0.02). BMF improved significantly only following MLD and AM (p < 0.1), but differences between groups were not significant (p = 0.39). Conclusions: MLD significantly reduced FC symptoms and MLD had greater improvements than AM or ES.

Keywords: heart rate variability; stress and anxiety; bowel movement; constipation; manual lymph drainage; massage; electrical stimulation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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