Pneumoparotid and Pneumoparotitis: A Literary Review

Francesco Gazia, Francesco Freni, Cosimo Galletti, Bruno Galletti, Rocco Bruno, Cosimo Galletti, Alessandro Meduri and Francesco Galletti
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Francesco Gazia: Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Francesco Freni: Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Cosimo Galletti: Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Bruno Galletti: Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Rocco Bruno: Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Cosimo Galletti: Comprehensive Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), 08907 Catalonia, Spain
Alessandro Meduri: Department of Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e Delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali, Unit of Ophthalmology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
Francesco Galletti: Department of Adult and Development Age Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, Unit of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-13

Abstract: Pneumoparotid is a rare condition of parotid swelling. The presence of the air in gland parenchyma is caused by an incompetent Stensen’s duct with high pressure may cause the acini’s rupture. We reviewed 49 manuscripts, from 1987 to today, that enrolled a total of 54 patients with pneumoparotid. Our review evaluated the following evaluation parameters: gender, age, etiology, clinical presentation, treatment, days of resolution after diagnosis, relapse and complications. The most frequent etiology is self-induction by swelling the cheeks (53.7%). This cause mainly involves children (74%), for conflicts with parents, excuses for not going to school, nervous tics or adults (16%) with psychiatric disorders. Iatrogenic causes are also frequent (16.6%), for dental treatments (55.5%) or use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (33.4%). Medical therapy is the most practiced (53.7%), in most cases it is combined with behavioral therapy (25.9%) or psychotherapy (25.9%). Surgery is rarely used (9.2%) as a definitive solution through parotidectomy (50%) or ligation of the duct (50%). The most common complication is subcutaneous emphysema (24.1%), sometimes associated with pneumomediastinum (5.5%). Careful treatment and management are necessary to ensure the resolution of the pathology and counteract the onset of complications.

Keywords: pneumoparotid; pneumoparotitis; parotitis; Stensen’s duct; head and neck (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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