Prevalence of Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients in the Balearic Islands (Spain) and Its Effect on COPD Exacerbations: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Laura Ruiz Azcona, Miguel Roman-Rodriguez, Montserrat Llort Bove, Job FM van Boven and Miguel Santibáñez Margüello
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Laura Ruiz Azcona: Global Health research group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
Miguel Roman-Rodriguez: Primary Care Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), 07011 Palma, Spain
Montserrat Llort Bove: Balearic Primary Health Care Service (IBSalut), 07011 Palma, Spain
Job FM van Boven: Department of General Practice & Elderly Care Medicine, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
Miguel Santibáñez Margüello: Global Health research group, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: To determine the prevalence of influenza vaccination in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and its effect on COPD exacerbations, we conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study analyzing real-life data. We included all registered COPD patients ≥40 years old using respiratory medication during the study period (2012–2013). Influenza vaccination during the 2012/2013 campaign was the parameter studied. Moderate and severe exacerbations during 2013 were the dependent outcome variables. Logistic regression adjusting for age, gender, concomitant asthma diagnosis, COPD severity, smoking status, number of moderate and severe exacerbations the previous year, and comorbidities was performed, and 59.6% of the patients received seasonal influenza vaccination. The percentage of patients with exacerbations was higher among those vaccinated. Influenza vaccination had a statistically significantly negative (non-protective) crude effect favoring the risk of severe exacerbations: OR: 1.20 (95% CI; 1.05–1.37). This association diminished and lost statistical significance after adjustment: aOR: 0.93 (95% CI; 0.74–1.18). The protective effect in the analysis restricted to the epidemic period was not significant: aOR: 0.82 (95% CI; 0.58–1.16). We concluded that prevalence of influenza vaccination was suboptimal. In contrast with most of the available evidence, our results did not support a protective effect of influenza vaccination on the risk of admission for COPD exacerbation.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; influenza vaccination; COPD exacerbations; primary prevention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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