Source Apportionment of Coarse Particulate Matter (PM 10 ) in Yangon, Myanmar

Piyaporn Sricharoenvech, Alexandra Lai, Tin Nwe Oo, Min M. Oo, James J. Schauer, Kyi Lwin Oo and Kay Khine Aye
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Piyaporn Sricharoenvech: Environmental Chemistry and Technology program, School of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Alexandra Lai: Environmental Chemistry and Technology program, School of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Tin Nwe Oo: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53705, USA
Min M. Oo: Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
James J. Schauer: Environmental Chemistry and Technology program, School of Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
Kyi Lwin Oo: Occupational and Environmental Health Division, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
Kay Khine Aye: Occupational and Environmental Health Division, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-18

Abstract: The Republic of the Union of Myanmar is one of many developing countries facing concerns about particulate matter (PM). Previously, a preliminary study of PM 2.5 in 2018 suggested that the main source of PM in Yangon, the former capital, was vehicle emissions. However, this suggestion was not supported by any chemical composition data. In this study, to fill that gap, we quantitatively determined source contributions to coarse particulate matter (PM 10 ) in Yangon, Myanmar. PM 10 samples were collected in Yangon from May 2017 to April 2018 and chemically analyzed to determine composition. Chemical composition data for these samples were then used in the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model to identify the major sources of particulate matter in this area. The results indicate that PM 10 composition varies seasonally according to both meteorological factors (e.g., precipitation and temperature) and human activities (e.g., firewood and yard waste burning). The major sources of PM in Yangon annually were dust, secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), and secondary organic aerosols (SOA), while contributions from biomass burning were more important during the winter months.

Keywords: PM 10; coarse particulate matter; air pollution; haze; source apportionment; chemical mass balance (CMB) model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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