Study of Psychomotor Development and Environmental Quality at Shelter Homes for Children Aged 0 to 2 in the Department of Chuquisaca (Bolivia)

Sagrario Pérez- De La Cruz, Ivonne Ramírez and Carolina Maldonado
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Sagrario Pérez- De La Cruz: Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Ivonne Ramírez: Department of Health, University of San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca, 580 Sucre, Bolivia
Carolina Maldonado: Neurodevelopment Center “Rapha”, University of San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca, 580 Sucre, Bolivia

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 12, 1-10

Abstract: Children in situations of destitution who become institutionalized commonly display developmental disorders, including delayed growth. The aim was to evaluate the environmental quality of the casas cuna of the Department of Chuquisaca (Plurinational state of Bolivia) in children aged 0 to 2 years old after receiving an early stimulation program based on psychomotor therapy. Thirty-six children who were institutionalized at shelter homes in the Department of Chuquisaca were selected to receive sessions of psychomotricity over a five-month period. The Infant/Toddler Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (IT-HOME) scale and the Attachment During Stress Scale (ADS) were used. The adult−child relationship with factors of responsiveness (−0.89; p = 0.037), acceptance (0.57; p = 0.024), organization (−1.03; p < 0.001), learning material (−2.57; p < 0.001) and involvement (−1.92; p < 0.001) scored below expectations, showing that environmental indicators are a poor stimulation for children growing up in shelter homes. Improvements were found in the children’s development after receiving this therapy. In conclusion, an early stimulation program based on psychomotor therapy over five months provided favorable results for the acquisition of skills for communication, motor development and social skills, which positively affect the psychomotor development.

Keywords: casas cuna; stimulation; psychomotricity therapy; development (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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