Effect of Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection on the Interdental Papilla in a Mouse Model of Open Gingival Embrasure

Soo-Bin Kim, Jaehun Cho, Seong-Suk Jue, Jae Hyun Park and Ji- Youn Kim
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Soo-Bin Kim: Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Inchoen 21936, Korea
Jaehun Cho: Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea
Seong-Suk Jue: Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea
Jae Hyun Park: Postgraduate Orthodontic Program, Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ 85206, USA
Ji- Youn Kim: Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Inchoen 21936, Korea

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-13

Abstract: The black triangle resulting from interdental papilla (IDP) loss is associated with poor aesthetics and difficulty in pronunciation and food impaction. There is limited knowledge of gingival tissue inflammatory response to hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injection, a minimally invasive IDP reconstruction method. This study aimed to examine the morphological and histological changes in IDP and the inflammatory cytokine localization to the IDP post-HA filler injection using an open gingival embrasure (OGE) mouse model. Mice from the control, sham, and OGE groups were attached with reference, inactive, and activated wires for 5 days, respectively. The degree of IDP loss was determined based on the spring-papilla distance (SPD). Morphological and histological changes in the OGE group injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or HA fillers were examined on days 2 and 7 post-injection. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine the localization patterns of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Ki67. Five days post-wire attachment, the control and OGE groups exhibited a significantly higher SPD than the sham group ( p < 0.0167). The SPD of the HA filler injection group was significantly lower than that of the PBS injection group on days 2, 4, and 7 post-injection ( p < 0.05). The IDP of the OGE group was wide and flat. HA filler was stable in the connective tissue underlying the epithelial tissue even on day 7 post-injection. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MPO, and Ki67 were highly localized to the connective tissue surrounding the filler on day 2, which decreased on day 7 post-injection. Thus, HA filler can safely and successfully reconstruct the IDP in cases of OGE.

Keywords: black triangle; hyaluronic acid; inflammatory cytokines (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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