Effects of Dietary Supplements on the Bioaccessibility of Se, Zn and Cd in Rice: Preliminary Observations from In Vitro Gastrointestinal Simulation Tests

Ru Zhang, Yonghua Li, Yuefeng Xu, Zhenfeng Zang, Hairong Li and Li Wang
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Ru Zhang: Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Yonghua Li: Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Yuefeng Xu: Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Zhenfeng Zang: Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Hairong Li: Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Li Wang: Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-11

Abstract: Trace elements such as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential elements in the human body, while cadmium (Cd) has no physiological function. A high proportion of people consume dietary supplements to enhance the performance of the body or alter the nutrient contents within the body. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the interaction effects of several popular dietary supplements on the bioaccessibility of Se, Zn and Cd in rice with the hope of identifying dietary supplements that can increase rice Se and Zn bioaccessibility but decrease rice Cd bioaccessibility. The results from in vitro gastrointestinal simulation tests showed that the bioaccessibility of these elements in rice was in the order of Cd (52.07%) > Zn (36.63%) > Se (10.19%) during the gastric phase and Zn (26.82%) > Cd (18.72%) > Se (14.70%) during the intestinal phase. The bioaccessibility of Se during the intestinal phase was greater than that during the gastric phase, and the bioaccessibility of Zn and Cd were the opposite. The bioaccessibility of Se significantly increased in response to vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), vitamin B6 (VB6) and vitamin B9 (VB9), especially VC, which also increased the bioaccessibility of Zn and decreased that of Cd. Procyanidins (OPC), methionine (Met) and coenzyme Q10 (Q10) significantly reduced the bioaccessibility of Se. These results suggest that the reasonable use of dietary supplements can effectively regulate the in vivo contents of trace elements, which provide valuable information for developing health interventions to address problems for specific people, especially selenium-deficient people.

Keywords: bioaccessibility; dietary supplements; gastrointestinal simulation test; selenium (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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