Distribution of Serological Response to Burkholderia pseudomallei in Swine from Three Provinces of Vietnam

Michael H. Norris, Hang Thi Thu Tran, Morgan A. Walker, Andrew P. Bluhm, Diansy Zincke, Trinh Thanh Trung, Nga Vu Thi, Ngoc Pham Thi, Herbert P. Schweizer, Fred Unger, Jason K. Blackburn and Nguyen Thi Thu Hang
Additional contact information
Michael H. Norris: Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Hang Thi Thu Tran: National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
Morgan A. Walker: Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Andrew P. Bluhm: Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Diansy Zincke: Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Trinh Thanh Trung: VNU-Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
Nga Vu Thi: National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
Ngoc Pham Thi: National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
Herbert P. Schweizer: Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Fred Unger: International Livestock Research Institute, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
Jason K. Blackburn: Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Nguyen Thi Thu Hang: National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-14

Abstract: (1) Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei is an environmentally mediated saprophytic pathogen that can cause severe disease in humans. It is well known that B. pseudomallei survives in tropical moist soil environments worldwide, but melioidosis is gaining recognition as a public and veterinary health issue in Vietnam. The contribution of animals to human disease is unknown, necessitating further investigation. (2) Methods: Swine sera were collected from two populations, one grazing and one commercially farmed, from three provinces in Vietnam. ELISAs utilizing B. pseudomallei capsular polysaccharide (CPS), outer polysaccharide (OPS), and Hcp1 protein were used to screen serum samples. Positive samples were mapped to the commune level. Seroprevalence calculations and pig population estimates were used to approximate number of swine exposures per commune. (3) Results: Grazing pigs from Hoa Binh had significantly higher seropositivity levels (11.4%, 95% CI: 9.7–13.1) compared to farmed pigs from Ha Tinh and Nghe An (4%, 95% CI: 3.3–4.7). Average swine seropositivity rates were ~6.3% (95% CI: 5–7.9), higher than previously identified in Vietnam (~0.88%). (4) Conclusions: Initial serological sampling identified a significant number of seropositive and potential melioidosis infections occurring in swine in Vietnam. This work is a critical step in understanding the role swine may play in the epidemiology of human melioidosis in Vietnam.

Keywords: melioidosis; Whitmore; swine; infectious disease; zoonosis; Vietnam; outbreak; Burkholderia pseudomallei; interdisciplinary (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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