Efficiency of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn Removal from Karst Water by Eichhornia crassipes

Jin-Mei Zhou, Zhong-Cheng Jiang, Xiao-Qun Qin, Lian-Kai Zhang, Qi-Bo Huang, Guang-Li Xu and Dionysios D. Dionysiou
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Jin-Mei Zhou: Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
Zhong-Cheng Jiang: Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
Xiao-Qun Qin: Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
Lian-Kai Zhang: Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
Qi-Bo Huang: Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
Guang-Li Xu: Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Dionysios D. Dionysiou: Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 15, 1-15

Abstract: This study experimentally investigated heavy metal removal and accumulation in the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes . Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn concentrations, plant morphology, and plant functional groups were analyzed. Eichhornia crassipes achieved high removal efficiency of Pb and Mn from karst water (over 79.5%), with high proportion of Pb, Zn, and Cd absorption occurring in the first eight days. The highest removal efficiencies were obtained at initial Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn concentrations of 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, and 0.2 mg/L, respectively. Eichhornia crassipes exhibited a high bioconcentration factor (Mn = 199,567 > Pb = 19,605 > Cd = 3403 > Zn = 1913) and a low translocation factor (<1). The roots accumulated more Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn than the stolons and leaves due to the stronger tolerance of roots. The voids, stomas, air chambers, and airways promoted this accumulation. Pb, Cd, Zn, and Mn likely exchanged with Mg, Na, and K through the cation exchange. C≡C, C=O, SO 4 2− , O-H, C-H, and C-O played different roles during uptake, which led to different removal and accumulation effects.

Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes; heavy metals; removal; morphology; cation exchange; functional groups (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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