Nitrogen Dioxide Inhalation Exposures Induce Cardiac Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Impair Mitochondrial Function and Promote Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction

Ahmed Karoui, Clément Crochemore, Najah Harouki, Cécile Corbière, David Preterre, Cathy Vendeville, Vincent Richard, Olivier Fardel, Valérie Lecureur, Jean-Marie Vaugeois, François Sichel, Paul Mulder and Christelle Monteil
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Ahmed Karoui: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN ABTE, 14000 Caen et, 76 000 Rouen, France
Clément Crochemore: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN ABTE, 14000 Caen et, 76 000 Rouen, France
Najah Harouki: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1096, 76 000 Rouen, France
Cécile Corbière: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN ABTE, 14000 Caen et, 76 000 Rouen, France
David Preterre: CERTAM, 1 rue Joseph Fourier, 76 800 Saint-Etienne du Rouvray, France
Cathy Vendeville: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN ABTE, 14000 Caen et, 76 000 Rouen, France
Vincent Richard: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1096, 76 000 Rouen, France
Olivier Fardel: Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)–UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
Valérie Lecureur: Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)–UMR_S 1085, 35 000 Rennes, France
Jean-Marie Vaugeois: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN ABTE, 14000 Caen et, 76 000 Rouen, France
François Sichel: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN ABTE, 14000 Caen et, 76 000 Rouen, France
Paul Mulder: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1096, 76 000 Rouen, France
Christelle Monteil: Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN ABTE, 14000 Caen et, 76 000 Rouen, France

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 15, 1-14

Abstract: Traffic air pollution is a major health problem and is recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) diseases. In a previous experimental study, we showed that diesel exhaust (DE) exposures induced cardiac mitochondrial and CV dysfunctions associated with the gaseous phase. Here, we hypothesized that NO 2 exposures to levels close to those found in DE induce a mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which contribute to an endothelial dysfunction, an early indicator for numerous CV diseases. For this, we studied the effects of NO 2 on ROS production and its impacts on the mitochondrial, coronary endothelial and cardiac functions, after acute (one single exposure) and repeated (three h/day, five days/week for three weeks) exposures in Wistar rats. Acute NO 2 exposure induced an early but reversible mitochondrial ROS production. This event was isolated since neither mitochondrial function nor endothelial function were impaired, whereas cardiac function assessment showed a reversible left ventricular dysfunction. Conversely, after three weeks of exposure this alteration was accompanied by a cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction highlighted by an alteration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation and an increase in mitochondrial ROS production. Moreover, repeated NO 2 exposures promoted endothelial dysfunction of the coronary arteries, as shown by reduced acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation, which was due, at least partially, to a superoxide-dependent decrease of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. This study shows that NO 2 exposures impair cardiac mitochondrial function, which, in conjunction with coronary endothelial dysfunction, contributes to cardiac dysfunction. Together, these results clearly identify NO 2 as a probable risk factor in ischemic heart diseases.

Keywords: air pollution; nitrogen dioxide; mitochondria; endothelial dysfunction; coronary arteries; ROS; cardiovascular (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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