The Global Emergency of Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): An Update of the Current Status and Forecasting

Hossein Hozhabri, Francesca Piceci Sparascio, Hamidreza Sohrabi, Leila Mousavifar, René Roy, Daniela Scribano, Alessandro De Luca, Cecilia Ambrosi and Meysam Sarshar
Additional contact information
Hossein Hozhabri: Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
Francesca Piceci Sparascio: Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
Hamidreza Sohrabi: Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
Leila Mousavifar: Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
René Roy: Department of Chemistry, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
Daniela Scribano: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
Alessandro De Luca: Medical Genetics Division, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
Cecilia Ambrosi: IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
Meysam Sarshar: Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia- Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 16, 1-35

Abstract: Over the past two decades, there have been two major outbreaks where the crossover of animal Betacoronaviruses to humans has resulted in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). In December 2019, a global public health concern started with the emergence of a new strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 or 2019 novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV) which has rapidly spread all over the world from its origin in Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Betacoronavirus genus, which includes human SARS-CoV, MERS and two other human coronaviruses (HCoVs), HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1. The fatality rate of SARS-CoV-2 is lower than the two previous coronavirus epidemics, but it is faster spreading and the large number of infected people with severe viral pneumonia and respiratory illness, showed SARS-CoV-2 to be highly contagious. Based on the current published evidence, herein we summarize the origin, genetics, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, preventions, diagnosis and up to date treatments of SARS-CoV-2 infections in comparison with those caused by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Moreover, the possible impact of weather conditions on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is also discussed. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to reconsider the two previous pandemics and provide a reference for future studies as well as therapeutic approaches.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; epidemiology; transmission; temperature and humidity; COVID-19; pneumonia; diagnosis; ACE2; inhibitors; therapeutics strategies (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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