Pilot Testing of a Nudge-Based Digital Intervention (Welbot) to Improve Sedentary Behaviour and Wellbeing in the Workplace

Caitlin Haile, Alison Kirk, Nicola Cogan, Xanne Janssen, Ann-Marie Gibson and Bradley MacDonald
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Caitlin Haile: Psychological Sciences and Health, Graham Hills Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QX, Scotland, UK
Alison Kirk: Psychological Sciences and Health, Graham Hills Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QX, Scotland, UK
Nicola Cogan: Psychological Sciences and Health, Graham Hills Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QX, Scotland, UK
Xanne Janssen: Psychological Sciences and Health, Graham Hills Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QX, Scotland, UK
Ann-Marie Gibson: Psychological Sciences and Health, Graham Hills Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QX, Scotland, UK
Bradley MacDonald: Psychological Sciences and Health, Graham Hills Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QX, Scotland, UK

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 16, 1-13

Abstract: Welbot is a nudge-based digital intervention that aims to reduce sedentary behaviour and improve physical and mental wellbeing at work. The purpose of this study was to pilot test the Welbot intervention. Forty-one (6M/35F) University staff ( M age = 43-years) participated in this study, which was a single arm repeated measures trial conducted over three weeks of intervention. The primary outcome was sedentary behaviour (measured subjectively and objectively) and secondary outcomes included: mental wellbeing, procrastination, depression, anxiety and stress, and work engagement. A subset of participants ( n = 6) wore an ActivPAL to objectively measure activity data, while another subset of participants ( n = 6) completed a qualitative semi-structured interview to ascertain experiences of using Welbot. Following the intervention, a Friedman non-parametric test revealed that participants self-reported significantly less time sitting and more time standing and objectively recorded more steps at the week-1 follow-up. A series of paired t -tests exhibited that changes in all secondary outcomes were in the expected direction. However, only improvements in depression, anxiety, and stress were significant. After using Welbot, thematic analysis demonstrated that participants perceived they had a positive behaviour change, increased awareness of unhealthy behaviours at work, and provided suggestions for intervention improvement. Overall, findings provided indications of the potential positive impact Welbot may have on employees’ wellbeing, however, limitations are noted. Recommendations for intervention improvement including personalisation (e.g., individual preferences for nudges and the option to sync Welbot with online calendars) and further research into how users engage with Welbot are provided.

Keywords: sedentary behaviour; wellbeing; mental health; physical activity; digital health; workplace; behaviour change; occupational health; nudge theory (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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