Psychosocial Determinants of Quality of Life and Active Aging. A Structural Equation Model

Laura Ponce de León, Jean Pierre Lévy Mangin and Soledad Ballesteros
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Laura Ponce de León: Department of Social Work, National Distance Education University (UNED), C/ Obispo Trejo, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Jean Pierre Lévy Mangin: Department of Administrative Sciences, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Bureau, B-2072, Pavillon Lucien-Brault, 101, rue Saint-Jean-Bosco, Gatineau, QC K1C 5J7, Canada
Soledad Ballesteros: Department of Basic Psychology II, National Distance Education University (UNED), C/ Juan del Rosal, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 17, 1-10

Abstract: Population aging is the 21st century’s predominant demographic event. The old-age dependency ratio is projected to rise sharply in the next decades. Variables of health-related quality of life can be useful in designing interventions for promoting active aging to prevent dependency and save governments’ budgets. This study aims to find a model capable of explaining how psychosocial variables are related to improved quality of life during active aging, and if this relationship varies with age. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the relationships among the availability of social resources, memory, depression, and perception of quality of life from three community senior centers in Madrid (Spain) in a sample of 128 older adult volunteers. The results suggest a psychosocial model where the availability of social support improves quality of life and explicit memory, reduces depression in active older adults, and where there are two main elements for understanding quality of life: perception of health and satisfaction. Importantly, age does not modify the interactions between variables, suggesting that their behavior is constant across aging. We concluded that the availability of social resources, understood not only as the people we interact with daily but also other family members, close friends, or institutions that could help in case of an emergency, allows people to avoid isolation and loneliness, increasing satisfaction and well-being in older adults. Professionals and policymakers should promote well-being by incorporating psychosocial variables related to personal satisfaction in the existential project, not only health, functional activity, or a friendly environment. Older adults need to feel that they are not alone, and in this sense, the availability of social resources is key.

Keywords: active aging; memory; quality of life; social support; SEM (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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