A Perspective from a Case Conference on Comparing the Diagnostic Process: Human Diagnostic Thinking vs. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Decision Support Tools

Taku Harada, Taro Shimizu, Yuki Kaji, Yasuhiro Suyama, Tomohiro Matsumoto, Chintaro Kosaka, Hidefumi Shimizu, Takatoshi Nei and Satoshi Watanuki
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Taku Harada: Department of General Medicine, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
Taro Shimizu: Department of Diagnostic and Generalist Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University Hospital, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
Yuki Kaji: Department of Internal Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Tokyo 174-0051, Japan
Yasuhiro Suyama: Division of Rheumatology, JR Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo 151-8528, Japan
Tomohiro Matsumoto: Department of General Medicine, Nerima Hikarigaoka Hospital, Tokyo 179-0072, Japan
Chintaro Kosaka: Department of Internal Medicine, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Tokyo 174-0051, Japan
Hidefumi Shimizu: Department of Respiratory Medicine, JCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo 162-8543, Japan
Takatoshi Nei: Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
Satoshi Watanuki: Division of Emergency and General Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo 183-8524, Japan

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 17, 1-6

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has made great contributions to the healthcare industry. However, its effect on medical diagnosis has not been well explored. Here, we examined a trial comparing the thinking process between a computer and a master in diagnosis at a clinical conference in Japan, with a focus on general diagnosis. Consequently, not only was AI unable to exhibit its thinking process, it also failed to include the final diagnosis. The following issues were highlighted: (1) input information to AI could not be weighted in order of importance for diagnosis; (2) AI could not deal with comorbidities (see Hickam’s dictum); (3) AI was unable to consider the timeline of the illness (depending on the tool); (4) AI was unable to consider patient context; (5) AI could not obtain input information by themselves. This comparison of the thinking process uncovered a future perspective on the use of diagnostic support tools.

Keywords: artificial intelligence; decision support tool; diagnostic process (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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