Development and Implementation of Societal Influences Survey Questionnaire (SISQ) for Peoples during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Validity and Reliability Analysis

Dian-Jeng Li, Wei-Tsung Kao, Vincent Shieh, Frank Huang-Chih Chou and Huei-Wen Angela Lo
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Dian-Jeng Li: Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Wei-Tsung Kao: Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Vincent Shieh: Graduate Institute of Gender Education, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 80201, Taiwan
Frank Huang-Chih Chou: Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Huei-Wen Angela Lo: Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 17, 1-13

Abstract: The emergence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had rapidly spread since FEB/MAR 2020. Policy to prevent transmission of COVDI-19 resulted in multi-dimensional impact on social interaction. We aimed to develop a beneficial survey tool with favorable quality and availability, the Societal Influences Survey Questionnaire (SISQ), to evaluate social influences on people during this pandemic. The SISQ was developed with 15 items and 4-point Likert scales consisting of five factors. These include social distance, social anxiety, social desirability, social information, and social adaptation. Construct validity and reliability were performed to verify the SISQ. A total of 1912 Taiwanese were recruited. The results demonstrated that the SISQ has acceptable reliability, with Cronbach’s alphas ranging between 0.57 and 0.76. The SISQ accounted for 58.86% and satisfied the requirement of Kaiser–Mayer–Olkinvalues (0.78) and significant Bartlett’s Test of sphericity. Moreover, the confirmatory factor analysis fit indices also indicated the adequacy of the model. As for multiple comparison, females scored higher than males in factor of social distance. Unemployed participants and those without partners scored higher in several domains of factors. The survey method and survey instrument prove reliable and valuable, also providing different categories of assessment results regarding social influences and their impacts. Further studies are warranted to extend the applicability of SISQ.

Keywords: COVID-19; social influences; mental health; validity; reliability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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