Optimization of Cadmium Adsorption by Magnetic Graphene Oxide Using a Fractional Factorial Design

Hui Wang, Yiming Zhou, Xinjiang Hu, Yuan Guo, Xiaoxi Cai, Chunjie Liu, Ping Wang and Yunguo Liu
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Hui Wang: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Yiming Zhou: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Xinjiang Hu: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Yuan Guo: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
Xiaoxi Cai: College of Art and Design, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
Chunjie Liu: Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
Ping Wang: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Yunguo Liu: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 18, 1-16

Abstract: Graphene materials have attracted increasing interest in water remediation. In this study, magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) was prepared through the modified Hummers method and the adsorption behaviors of cadmium were investigated. Firstly, the sorption kinetics, isotherms, as well as the effects of pH were investigated. Then, fractional factorial design (FFD) was used to optimize the effects of pH, temperature, time, initial concentration of cadmium ion and NaCl on cadmium adsorption. The results indicate that MGO could effectively remove cadmium ions from an aqueous solution and the sorption data could be described well by pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models, showing that the adsorption rate of cadmium ions on MGO is multilayer adsorption and dominated by the chemical adsorption. According to the FFD results, the maximum adsorption capacity of cadmium ions was 13.169 mg/g under the optimum condition of pH value 8, 45 °C, contact time 60 min, initial cadmium concentration of 70 mg/L and NaCl concentration of 100 mg/L. Higher levels of the pH value, temperature and initial cadmium concentration are beneficial to the adsorption process. These results are important for estimating and optimizing the removal of metal ions by MGO composite.

Keywords: magnetic graphene oxide; removal; cadmium; fractional factorial design; optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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