Laboratory Parameters of Hemostasis, Adhesion Molecules, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Correlation with Glycemic Control

Eleonora Palella, Rossella Cimino, Salvatore A. Pullano, Antonino S. Fiorillo, Elio Gulletta, Antonio Brunetti, Daniela P. Foti and Marta Greco
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Eleonora Palella: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Rossella Cimino: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Salvatore A. Pullano: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Antonino S. Fiorillo: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Elio Gulletta: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Antonio Brunetti: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Daniela P. Foti: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
Marta Greco: Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by a prothrombotic state, predisposing to vascular complications. Some related markers, linking thrombophilia to hemostasis and inflammation, however, have been poorly explored in relation to patients’ glycemia. We therefore investigated the association of laboratory hemostatic parameters, circulating adhesion molecules (ADMs), white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with T2DM and glycemic control. Research design: In this study, 82 subjects, grouped into T2DM patients ( n = 41) and healthy individuals ( n = 41) were enrolled. To evaluate glycemic control, the T2DM cohort was expanded to 133 patients and sub-classified according to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% and ≥ 7% ( n = 58 and n = 75, respectively). We assessed glycemia, HbA1c, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), platelet and leukocyte parameters, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and selectins (E-, P-, L-). Results: PT % activity, PAI-1, VCAM-1, WBC, and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in T2DM patients than in healthy subjects. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%) was correlated with increased PT activity ( p = 0.015), and higher levels of E-selectin ( p = 0.009), P-selectin ( p = 0.012), and NLR ( p = 0.019). Conclusions: Both T2DM and poor glycemic control affect some parameters of hemostasis, inflammation, and adhesion molecules. Further studies are needed to establish their clinical utility as adjuvant markers for cardio-vascular risk in T2DM patients.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus; prothrombotic risk; hemostasis; inflammation; adhesion molecules (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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