Recent Increasing Incidence of Early-Stage Cervical Cancers of the Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subtype among Young Women

Takafumi Noguchi, Masayoshi Zaitsu, Izumi Oki, Yasuo Haruyama, Keiko Nishida, Koji Uchiyama, Toshimi Sairenchi and Gen Kobashi
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Takafumi Noguchi: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
Masayoshi Zaitsu: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
Izumi Oki: Division of Cancer Information and Prevention, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
Yasuo Haruyama: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
Keiko Nishida: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
Koji Uchiyama: Laboratory of International Environmental Health, Center for International Cooperation, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
Toshimi Sairenchi: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
Gen Kobashi: Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 20, 1-9

Abstract: Few studies have reported on the increase in cervical cancer incidence in Japan. We aimed to determine the relevant trends in the metropolitan regions of Japan and to identify the population with the highest risk, based on histological subtype, cancer stage, and diagnostic processes. Using population-based data (2009–2013), we identified 2110 women, aged ≥20 years, with cervical cancer. We estimated the age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates of cervical cancer for the study period based on the 1985 national model population. The average annual percent change (AAPC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the joinpoint regression analysis. We stratified the analyses based on histological subtypes, stage, and diagnostic process via cancer screening. The increase in the overall age-standardized incidence was not significant. However, the increase was significant for women aged 30–39 years (AAPC 20.0%/year, 95% CI: 9.9–31.1), which was attributable to the increase in the incidence of the squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) subtype (AAPC 23.1%/year, 95% CI: 10.7–36.8). Among younger women, aged <50 years, further stratification showed an increase in the undiagnosed early-stage SCC subtype via cancer screening. In Japan, the incidence of HPV-related cervical cancer has been increasing in undiagnosed younger women.

Keywords: cervical cancer; incidence; screening; squamous cell carcinoma; histology subtype (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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