Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Factors in Southeast Spain: A Retrospective Study from 2000 to 2014

María Ángeles Pérez-Morente, María Gázquez-López, María Adelaida Álvarez-Serrano, Encarnación Martínez-García, Pedro Femia-Marzo, María Dolores Pozo-Cano and Adelina Martín-Salvador
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María Ángeles Pérez-Morente: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
María Gázquez-López: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
María Adelaida Álvarez-Serrano: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
Encarnación Martínez-García: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
Pedro Femia-Marzo: Department of Statistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
María Dolores Pozo-Cano: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
Adelina Martín-Salvador: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 20, 1-11

Abstract: The World Health Organization estimates that more than one million people acquire a Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) every day, compromising quality of life, sexual and reproductive health, and the health of newborns and children. It is an objective of this study to identify the factors related to a Sexually Transmitted Infection diagnosis in the province of Granada (Spain), as well as those better predicting the risk of acquiring such infections. In this study, 678 cases were analyzed on a retrospective basis, which were treated at the Centre for Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation in Granada, between 2000–2014. Descriptive statistics were applied, and by means of binary logistic regression, employing the forward stepwise-likelihood ratio, a predictive model was estimated for the risk of acquiring an STI. Sex, age, occupation, economic crisis period, drug use, number of days in which no condoms were used, number of sexual partners in the last month and in the last year, and number of subsequent visits and new subsequent episodes were associated with an STI diagnosis ( p < 0.05). The risk of being diagnosed with an STI increased during the economic crisis period (OR: 1.88; 95%-CI: 1.28–2.76); during the economic crisis and if they were women (OR:2.35, 95%- CI: 1.24–4.44); and if they were women and immigrants (OR: 2.09; 95%- CI:1.22–3.57), while it decreased with age (OR: 0.97, 95%-CI: 0.95–0.98). Identification of the group comprised of immigrant women as an especially vulnerable group regarding the acquisition of an STI in our province reflects the need to incorporate the gender perspective into preventive strategies and STI primary health care.

Keywords: sexually transmitted diseases; public health; risk groups (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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