Impact of Non-Tailored One-Way Automated Short Messaging Service (OASMS) on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Feasibility Study

Ahmad Alamer, Charles Palm, Abdulaziz S. Almulhim, Charisse Te, Merri L. Pendergrass and Maryam T. Fazel
Additional contact information
Ahmad Alamer: Center for Health Outcomes and Pharmaco-Economic Research, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Charles Palm: Banner—University Medicine Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, Tucson, AZ 85714, USA
Abdulaziz S. Almulhim: Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Charisse Te: Banner—University Medicine Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, Tucson, AZ 85714, USA
Merri L. Pendergrass: Banner—University Medicine Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, Tucson, AZ 85714, USA
Maryam T. Fazel: Banner—University Medicine Endocrinology and Diabetes Clinic, Tucson, AZ 85714, USA

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 20, 1-10

Abstract: Short message service (SMS) is easily accessible and potentially an ideal platform for delivering patient-targeted messages. However, an effective SMS dosing strategy is not well established. Our purpose was to evaluate the impact of diabetes self-care promoting messages via non-tailored one-way automated SMS (OASMS) on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was compared between patients who received the service and those who did not. This retrospective quasi-experimental pre–post feasibility study was conducted at an academic medical center endocrinology clinic. English-speaking adults (≥18 years) with uncontrolled T2DM (HbA1c ≥ 8%) were included. A total of 69 patients (intervention n = 34; control n = 35) met the inclusion criteria. The mean (±SD) baseline HbA1c values were 10.2% (±1.9%) and 9.9% (±1.7%) in the intervention and control arms, respectively. Median follow-up was 3.3 months (IQR = 3–4.2). An ANCOVA model adjusted for baseline HbA1c and age showed an estimated HbA1c reduction difference of −0.97% (95% CI, −1.73 to −0.20%, p = 0.014), favoring the intervention arm. Inverse propensity score weighting confirmed the ANCOVA results. Our study suggests that adding diabetes self-care promoting messages via non-tailored OASMS to usual care improves glycemic control in poorly controlled T2DM. Larger and longer studies are needed to evaluate different features of the non-tailored OASMS strategy.

Keywords: short messaging; SMS; non-tailored; one-way; automated; type 2 diabetes; uncontrolled diabetes; glycemic control (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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