Association between Neighborhood Food Environment and Body Mass Index among Older Adults in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Man Zhang, Wen Guo, Na Zhang, Hairong He, Yu Zhang, Mingzhu Zhou, Jianfen Zhang, Muxia Li and Guansheng Ma
Additional contact information
Man Zhang: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Wen Guo: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Na Zhang: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Hairong He: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Yu Zhang: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Mingzhu Zhou: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Jianfen Zhang: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Muxia Li: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
Guansheng Ma: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 20, 1-16

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the association between the neighborhood food environment and body mass index (BMI) among Chinese older adults. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to recruit participants from 12 communities in Beijing, China, in 2019. Participants ( n = 1764, 1034 women) in this study were older adults aged 65 to 80. We collected the participants’ basic information, measured their height and weight, and calculated their BMI. Neighborhood food environments were measured by the density of and proximity to different food outlets using the Baidu Map Application Programming Interface. Adjusted multiple linear regression was performed to estimate the association between the food environment and BMI. Results: Participants had a mean age of 69.7 ± 4.32 years old and an average BMI of 26.3 ± 3.50 kg/m 2 . Among the three types of stores, convenience stores had the easiest access, followed by greengrocers and supermarkets. Sit-down restaurants had the best access among different restaurants, followed by Chinese fast-food restaurants, and western fast-food restaurants had the worst access. Easier access to greengrocers (β = 0.281, p < 0.001) and sit-down restaurants (β = 0.304, p < 0.001) was associated with higher BMI in the 250 m buffer zone. More supermarkets were associated with higher BMI in the 500 m buffer zone (β = 0.593, p < 0.001). Access to convenience stores was positively associated with BMI in the 800 m buffer zone (β = 0.057, p < 0.001). Better access to Chinese fast-food restaurants was associated with higher BMI (β = 0.071, p = 0.001), and better access to western fast- food restaurants was associated with lower BMI (β = −0.400, p < 0.001) in the 1000 m buffer zone. There was a negative association between the nearest distance to greengrocers and BMI (β = −0.004, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Although we found some significant associations between the neighborhood food environment and obesity, the current results are not strong enough to draw specific conclusions. Policymakers will need to rely on more evidence to derive concrete policy recommendations.

Keywords: food environment; obesity; body mass index; older adults (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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