Exogenous Glutathione Alleviation of Cd Toxicity in Italian Ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) by Modulation of the Cd Absorption, Subcellular Distribution, and Chemical Form

Zhigang Fang, Zhaoyang Hu, Xinqiang Yin, Gang Song and Qingsheng Cai
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Zhigang Fang: College of Life and Geographic Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844006, China
Zhaoyang Hu: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Xinqiang Yin: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Gang Song: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Qingsheng Cai: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 21, 1-13

Abstract: Subcellular fractions and the chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) reflect its level of toxicity to plants; however, these effects of exogenous glutathione (GSH) are poorly understood. We exposed two Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ) cultivars (IdyII and Harukaze) to 50 µM Cd or 200 µM GSH to investigate the effect of GSH on the Cd uptake, subcellular compartments, and chemical forms. Cd significantly inhibited the plant growth, while GSH supplementation decreased this inhibition. The application of GSH significantly improved the Cd concentration in the roots but reduced that in the shoots and decreased the Cd translocation from root to shoot. The Cd concentration of the root in the cell wall was increased while the concentration in the soluble fraction was decreased when supplied with GSH. The inorganic form (80% ethanol for Cd extraction) in the roots was significantly reduced when treated with GSH. The Cd form extracted by 2% acetic acid (HAC) with low toxicity and immobility were greatly increased. In leaves, the application GSH decreased in any form of Cd form extracted. In conclusion, exogenous GSH decreased the translocation of Cd and alleviated Italian ryegrass Cd toxicity by accumulating more Cd in the root cell wall and immobilizing more Cd in lower toxicity fractions.

Keywords: absorption; cadmium; chemical form; GSH; Italian ryegrass; subcellular distribution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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