Patterns and Predictors of Insufficient Antenatal Care Utilization in Nigeria over a Decade: A Pooled Data Analysis Using Demographic and Health Surveys

Ziad El-Khatib, Emmanuel Kolawole Odusina, Bishwajit Ghose and Sanni Yaya
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Ziad El-Khatib: Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
Emmanuel Kolawole Odusina: Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Federal University Oye Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Bishwajit Ghose: School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
Sanni Yaya: School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 21, 1-14

Abstract: This study investigated the patterns of antenatal care (ANC) utilization and insufficient use of ANC as well as its association with some proximate socio-demographic factors. This was a cross-sectional study using pooled data Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys from years 2008, 2013 and 2018. Participants were 52,654 women of reproductive age who reported at least one birth in the five years preceding the surveys. The outcome variables were late attendance, first contact after first trimester and less than four antenatal visits using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of late timing was 74.8% and that of insufficient ANC visits was 46.7%. In the multivariable regression analysis; type of residency, geo-political region, educational level, household size, use of contraceptives, distance to health service, exposure to the media and total number of children were found to be significantly associated with both late and insufficient ANC attendance. About half of the pregnant women failed to meet the recommendation of four ANC visits. Investing on programs to improve women’s socio-economic status, addressing the inequities between urban and rural areas of Nigeria in regard to service utilization, and controlling higher fertility rates may facilitate the promotion of ANC service utilization in Nigeria.

Keywords: antenatal care; maternal health care utilization; global health; Nigeria demographic and health survey (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
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