Air Pollutants Interaction and Gender Difference on Bone Mineral Density T-Score in Taiwanese Adults

Yu-Hsuan Lin, Chen-Feng Wang, Hsuan Chiu, Bo-Cheng Lai, Hung-Pin Tu, Pei-Yu Wu, Jiun-Chi Huang and Szu-Chia Chen
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Yu-Hsuan Lin: Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Chen-Feng Wang: Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Hsuan Chiu: Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Bo-Cheng Lai: Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
Hung-Pin Tu: Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Pei-Yu Wu: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Jiun-Chi Huang: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
Szu-Chia Chen: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by a reduction in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. Previous studies have reported associations between air pollution and lower bone mineral density; however, few studies have investigated the association between air pollution and osteoporosis. In this study, we combined two databases, the first including 5000 individuals registered in the Taiwan Biobank, and the second containing detailed daily data on air pollution. After multivariable adjustments, ozone (O 3 ) (unstandardized coefficient β, 0.015; p = 0.008) was significantly positively associated with T-score, whereas carbon monoxide (CO) (unstandardized coefficient β, −0.809; p < 0.001), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) (unstandardized coefficient β, −0.050; p = 0.005), nitric oxide (NO) (unstandardized coefficient β, −0.040; p < 0.001), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) (unstandardized coefficient β, −0.023; p < 0.001), and nitrogen oxide (NO x ) (unstandardized coefficient β, −0.017; p < 0.001) were significantly negatively associated with T-score. The interactions between CO and NO x ( p = 0.001) and SO 2 and NO 2 ( p = 0.004) on T-score were statistically significant. An increase in exposure to CO, NO and NO x was associated with a faster decline in T-score in the female participants compared to the male participants. In addition, an increase in O 3 was associated with a faster increase in T-score in the female participants compared to the male participants. In conclusion, the air pollutants CO, SO 2 , NO, NO 2 , and NO x were associated with osteoporosis. In addition, there were interaction and synergetic effects between CO and NO x and SO 2 and NO 2 on T-score. We also observed differences in the associations between air pollutants and T-score between the female and male participants.

Keywords: osteoporosis; air pollutants; gender difference (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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