Chronic Lower Extremity Ischemia and Its Association with the Frailty Syndrome in Patients with Diabetes

Grzegorz K. Jakubiak, Natalia Pawlas, Grzegorz Cieślar and Agata Stanek
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Grzegorz K. Jakubiak: Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Specialistic Hospital No. 2 in Bytom, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
Natalia Pawlas: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Grzegorz Cieślar: Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
Agata Stanek: Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-902 Bytom, Poland

IJERPH, 2020, vol. 17, issue 24, 1-17

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Peripheral arterial disease affecting lower limb arteries is one of the clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. The frailty syndrome (Frailty) is a problem associated with diminution of physiological reserves. The ankle-brachial index is a commonly used tool for diagnosing peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The usefulness of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) is limited in people with diabetes because of calcification of the middle layer of arteries. In this population, toe-brachial index should be measured. Frailty may be associated with worse prognosis for patients undergoing revascularization. Amputation may be an important factor leading to the development of Frailty. The risk of amputation and the prognosis after revascularization may be modified by some medications and blood glucose levels. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature about the association between PAD, especially in patients living with diabetes and Frailty.

Keywords: diabetes; Frailty; lower limb ischemia; peripheral arterial disease (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2020
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (7)

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